Guideline for Diabetes Melitus
Guideline for Diabetes Melitus
Guidance for Diabetes Melitus
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the body's blood sugar levels exceeding normal limits. There are three types of diabetes mellitus, namely:
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by damage to pancreatic beta cells which caused the pancreas to unable to produce insulin
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the body's cells not being able to use insulin properly resulting in blood sugar not being able to produce energy
• Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs in pregnant women who do not have a history of diabetes
The cause of diabetes mellitus can occur due to genetics and unhealthy lifestyle. Common symptoms of diabetes mellitus are:
1. Polyphagia (excessive eating)
2. Polyuria (excessive urination)
3. Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
Insulin Resistance
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that functions to convert glucose (blood sugar) into glycogen. Insulin resistance is a condition when the body does not respond to the hormone insulin properly, resulting in high blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus can be a risk factor for cancer. When blood sugar levels are still high, the body will give a signal to the pancreas to continue to release insulin.
Pancreatic cells will release the hormone insulin when blood sugar levels rise, for example after eating. The insulin hormone will then bind to the insulin receptor on the outer surface of the cell. The release of insulin is followed by the release of IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1) which can trigger the growth of cancer cells. Therefore, therapy is needed to regulate IGF-1 and prevent cancer.
Chronic inflammation can also occur in patients with diabetes mellitus which causes an increase in free radicals in the form of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) and RNS (Reactive Nitrogen Species). The high level of free radicals in the body causes antioxidants unable to compensate, resulting in oxidative stress. Prolonged oxidative stress can damage cells, tissues, and organs in the body such as the pancreas. Therefore, high blood sugar level is not the only thing that need to be treated in diabetes mellitus patients, but the chronic inflammation also needs to be treated.
The common treatments given to people with diabetes mellitus are:
1. Oral antidiabetic drugs, such as sulfonylureas (glimepiride) and biguanides (metformin)
2. Anti-hyperglycemic injection, such as insulin
The mechanism of action of oral sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs is to increase insulin secretion, while metformin is used to decrease hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity. However, these oral antidiabetic drugs can cause side effects to watch out for, namely:
• Hypoglycemia
• Lactic acidosis
• Dyspepsia
• Diarrhea
Side effects of insulin therapy are:
• Hypoglycemia
• Allergic reactions to insulin
The HbA1C value is one of the laboratory results used in diagnosing diabetes mellitus and is also used to monitor treatments in patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
The following table shows the types of HbA1C values results:
There are several things that can affect the HbA1C value (increase or decrease), namely:
• Renal failure, hepatic impairment, or severe anemia
• Effects of drugs (opioids and HIV drugs)
• Less common types of hemoglobin in African, Mediterranean or Southeast Asian races and people with blood disorders (sickle cell anemia or thalassemia)
• Blood loss or blood transfusion
• Early or late pregnancy
Several scientific journals that have been published show that components of BIOTEK FARMASI INDONESIA products have antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerosis effects so that they can help relieve diabetes symptoms.
DIALANCE products are indicated to help relieve the symptoms of diabetes traditionally. Scientific journals show that the composition of this product has several advantages, namely:
1) Anti-diabetic effect
2) Antioxidant effect
3) Anti-inflammatory effect
4) Anti-atherosclerosis effect
5) Immunomodulatory effect that serves to reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators
6) Regulatory effect to EGF and IGF-1 which have anti-cancer effect
Some of the advantages above provide BENEFITS for users, namely:
1) Helps normalize the body's blood sugar levels
2) Helps overcome liver cell damage due to free radicals
3) Helps overcome inflammation / inflammation
4) Helps overcome blockage of blood vessels
5) Helps overcome the release of mediators that cause inflammation / inflammation
6) Helps overcome the growth of cancer cells
The recommended dose based on HbA1c value:
DIALANCE product from BIOTEK FARMASI INDONESIA is originator product, not imitating existing ones. This product was developed based on years of research. Please click the products page for more information.
REFERENCES
[1] S. F. Oon, M. Nallappan, T. T. Tee, S. Shohaimi, N. K. Kassim, M. S. F. Sa’ariwijaya and Y. H. Cheah, "Xanthorrhizol: a review of its pharmacological activities and anticancer properties," Cancer Cell International, pp. 1, 13, 2015.
[2] H. Itokawa, Q. Shi, T. Akiyama, S. L. Morris-Natschke and K.-H. Lee, "Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids," Chinese Medicine, vol. 3, pp. 1, 10-11, 2008.
[3] F. I. Hassan and A. A. MFadzilah, "Anti-Diabetic Effect Of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza On Adipogenesis Of 3t3-L1 Preadipocyte," Regenerative Research, vol. 3, p. 107, 2014.
[4] A. M. Mahmoud, R. J. H. Bautista, M. A. Sandhu and O. E. Hussein, "Beneficial Effects of Citrus Flavonoids on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health," Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, pp. 1, 11-12, 2019.
[5] G. R. Gandhi, A. B. S. Vasconcelos, D.-T. Wu, H.-B. Li, P. J. Antony, H. Li, F. Geng, R. Q. Gurgel, N. Narain and R.-Y. Gan, "Citrus Flavonoids as Promising Phytochemicals Targeting Diabetes and Related Complications: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies," Nutrients, p. 1, 2020.
[6] M. Iman, S. A. Moallem and A. Barahoyee, "Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar on Blood Glucose Level in Diabetic Mice," Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 20, pp. 163, 167, 2015.
[7] D. Ousaaid, H. Laaroussi, M. Bakour, A. ElGhouizi, A. Aboulghazi, B. Lyoussi and I. ElArabi, "Beneficial Effects of Apple Vinegar on Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Hypercaloric-Fed Rats," Journal of Diabetes Research, p. 5, 2020.
[8] S. Kausar, A. Humayun, Z. Ahmed, M. A. Abbas and A. Tahir, "Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar on Glycemic Control, Hyperlipidemia and Control on Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetes Patients," International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences,, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 70, 2019.
[9] P. Zenga, J. Lib, Y. Chenc and L. Zhanga, "The structures and biological functions of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese herbs," Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, vol. 163, p. 437, 2019.
[10] X. Niu, J. Zhang, C. Ling, M. Bai, Y. Peng, S. Sun, Y. Li and Z. Zhang, "Polysaccharide From Angelica Sinensis Protects H9c2 Cells Against Oxidative Injury and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress By Activating The ATF6 Pathway," Journal of International Medical Research, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 1717-1718, 2018.
[11] Yanqiu Xia Liji Jin, Bin Zhang a, Hongyu Xue, Qiujuan Li, Yongping Xu, "The
Potentiation Of Curcumin On Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Action In MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells," Life Sciences vol 80, 2161–2169, 2007.
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by damage to pancreatic beta cells which caused the pancreas to unable to produce insulin
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the body's cells not being able to use insulin properly resulting in blood sugar not being able to produce energy
• Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs in pregnant women who do not have a history of diabetes
The cause of diabetes mellitus can occur due to genetics and unhealthy lifestyle. Common symptoms of diabetes mellitus are:
1. Polyphagia (excessive eating)
2. Polyuria (excessive urination)
3. Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
Insulin Resistance
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that functions to convert glucose (blood sugar) into glycogen. Insulin resistance is a condition when the body does not respond to the hormone insulin properly, resulting in high blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus can be a risk factor for cancer. When blood sugar levels are still high, the body will give a signal to the pancreas to continue to release insulin.
Pancreatic cells will release the hormone insulin when blood sugar levels rise, for example after eating. The insulin hormone will then bind to the insulin receptor on the outer surface of the cell. The release of insulin is followed by the release of IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1) which can trigger the growth of cancer cells. Therefore, therapy is needed to regulate IGF-1 and prevent cancer.
Chronic inflammation can also occur in patients with diabetes mellitus which causes an increase in free radicals in the form of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) and RNS (Reactive Nitrogen Species). The high level of free radicals in the body causes antioxidants unable to compensate, resulting in oxidative stress. Prolonged oxidative stress can damage cells, tissues, and organs in the body such as the pancreas. Therefore, high blood sugar level is not the only thing that need to be treated in diabetes mellitus patients, but the chronic inflammation also needs to be treated.
The common treatments given to people with diabetes mellitus are:
1. Oral antidiabetic drugs, such as sulfonylureas (glimepiride) and biguanides (metformin)
2. Anti-hyperglycemic injection, such as insulin
The mechanism of action of oral sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs is to increase insulin secretion, while metformin is used to decrease hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity. However, these oral antidiabetic drugs can cause side effects to watch out for, namely:
• Hypoglycemia
• Lactic acidosis
• Dyspepsia
• Diarrhea
Side effects of insulin therapy are:
• Hypoglycemia
• Allergic reactions to insulin
The HbA1C value is one of the laboratory results used in diagnosing diabetes mellitus and is also used to monitor treatments in patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
The following table shows the types of HbA1C values results:
There are several things that can affect the HbA1C value (increase or decrease), namely:
• Renal failure, hepatic impairment, or severe anemia
• Effects of drugs (opioids and HIV drugs)
• Less common types of hemoglobin in African, Mediterranean or Southeast Asian races and people with blood disorders (sickle cell anemia or thalassemia)
• Blood loss or blood transfusion
• Early or late pregnancy
Several scientific journals that have been published show that components of BIOTEK FARMASI INDONESIA products have antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerosis effects so that they can help relieve diabetes symptoms.
DIALANCE products are indicated to help relieve the symptoms of diabetes traditionally. Scientific journals show that the composition of this product has several advantages, namely:
1) Anti-diabetic effect
2) Antioxidant effect
3) Anti-inflammatory effect
4) Anti-atherosclerosis effect
5) Immunomodulatory effect that serves to reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators
6) Regulatory effect to EGF and IGF-1 which have anti-cancer effect
Some of the advantages above provide BENEFITS for users, namely:
1) Helps normalize the body's blood sugar levels
2) Helps overcome liver cell damage due to free radicals
3) Helps overcome inflammation / inflammation
4) Helps overcome blockage of blood vessels
5) Helps overcome the release of mediators that cause inflammation / inflammation
6) Helps overcome the growth of cancer cells
The recommended dose based on HbA1c value:
DIALANCE product from BIOTEK FARMASI INDONESIA is originator product, not imitating existing ones. This product was developed based on years of research. Please click the products page for more information.
REFERENCES
[1] S. F. Oon, M. Nallappan, T. T. Tee, S. Shohaimi, N. K. Kassim, M. S. F. Sa’ariwijaya and Y. H. Cheah, "Xanthorrhizol: a review of its pharmacological activities and anticancer properties," Cancer Cell International, pp. 1, 13, 2015.
[2] H. Itokawa, Q. Shi, T. Akiyama, S. L. Morris-Natschke and K.-H. Lee, "Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids," Chinese Medicine, vol. 3, pp. 1, 10-11, 2008.
[3] F. I. Hassan and A. A. MFadzilah, "Anti-Diabetic Effect Of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza On Adipogenesis Of 3t3-L1 Preadipocyte," Regenerative Research, vol. 3, p. 107, 2014.
[4] A. M. Mahmoud, R. J. H. Bautista, M. A. Sandhu and O. E. Hussein, "Beneficial Effects of Citrus Flavonoids on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health," Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, pp. 1, 11-12, 2019.
[5] G. R. Gandhi, A. B. S. Vasconcelos, D.-T. Wu, H.-B. Li, P. J. Antony, H. Li, F. Geng, R. Q. Gurgel, N. Narain and R.-Y. Gan, "Citrus Flavonoids as Promising Phytochemicals Targeting Diabetes and Related Complications: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies," Nutrients, p. 1, 2020.
[6] M. Iman, S. A. Moallem and A. Barahoyee, "Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar on Blood Glucose Level in Diabetic Mice," Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 20, pp. 163, 167, 2015.
[7] D. Ousaaid, H. Laaroussi, M. Bakour, A. ElGhouizi, A. Aboulghazi, B. Lyoussi and I. ElArabi, "Beneficial Effects of Apple Vinegar on Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Hypercaloric-Fed Rats," Journal of Diabetes Research, p. 5, 2020.
[8] S. Kausar, A. Humayun, Z. Ahmed, M. A. Abbas and A. Tahir, "Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar on Glycemic Control, Hyperlipidemia and Control on Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetes Patients," International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences,, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 70, 2019.
[9] P. Zenga, J. Lib, Y. Chenc and L. Zhanga, "The structures and biological functions of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese herbs," Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, vol. 163, p. 437, 2019.
[10] X. Niu, J. Zhang, C. Ling, M. Bai, Y. Peng, S. Sun, Y. Li and Z. Zhang, "Polysaccharide From Angelica Sinensis Protects H9c2 Cells Against Oxidative Injury and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress By Activating The ATF6 Pathway," Journal of International Medical Research, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 1717-1718, 2018.
[11] Yanqiu Xia Liji Jin, Bin Zhang a, Hongyu Xue, Qiujuan Li, Yongping Xu, "The
Potentiation Of Curcumin On Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Action In MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells," Life Sciences vol 80, 2161–2169, 2007.